Many people may not be aware that there are limitations to the use of solid-state relays. Compared to mechanical solid-state relays, the limitations of solid-state relays are fewer, specifically as follows:

Because solid-state relays are based on semiconductors, they cannot be fully turned on or off. This means that in the "on" state, when current flows, the solid-state relay still has internal resistance, causing it to heat up. In the "off" state, the solid-state relay still has a small leakage current, typically a few milliamps. This leakage current can be used to prevent certain loads from turning off, especially with high impedance. Furthermore, solid-state relays are very sensitive to voltage transients. Although Opto22 relays have excellent transient protection, they can still be damaged or have their performance degraded if subjected to a sufficient number of shocks. This makes solid-state relays less than ideal for driving large inductive electromechanical loads, such as some solenoids or motors. Solid-state relays should also never be used under certain conditions, such as as safety power switches, because leakage current exists even in the "off" state. The presence of leakage current through the solid-state relay can also lead to high voltage. Even if the relay does not conduct large current, the switching terminals will "heat up," which is extremely dangerous. Therefore, everyone must pay attention and take proper protective measures when using them.

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